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Education
Bachelors degree in English, UC Berkeley
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Expertise
SMB digital marketing, B2B growth strategies
Articles by Fiona Lee
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Discretionary expenses: Definition and examples
Discretionary expenses are non-essential costs you can adjust, reduce, or cut without disrupting core operations, like travel, perks, and premium software.
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What is FP&A? A complete guide
FP&A is a corporate finance function that combines budgeting, forecasting, and data analysis to guide a company's major business decisions.
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Payroll automation: What it is and how it works
Payroll automation is the use of software to calculate wages, apply tax rules, process payments, and manage compliance with minimal manual work.
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Profit and loss statement: What it is and how to make one
A profit and loss statement summarizes revenue, costs, and expenses over a specific period to determine whether your business earned or lost money.
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How to prepare a balance sheet: Step-by-step guide
A balance sheet is a financial statement that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time.
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Top line vs. bottom line: Key differences and strategies
Top line is a company's total revenue before deductions, while bottom line is net income after all expenses, taxes, and costs are subtracted.